Energy Converter
Energy: convert between joules, calories, and kilowatt-hours using the exact thermochemical calorie definition.
How Energy Units Relate
Energy units here reduce to the joule, the SI unit of energy. The calorie traces back to the historical definition of heating water, standardized today as exactly 4.184 joules; the kilowatt-hour is a practical billing unit equal to running one kilowatt of power for one hour (3,600,000 joules).
All Energy Converters
Each of these has its own page with the exact formula, a reference table, and answers to common questions.